TitleA single session of low-intensity exercise is sufficient to enhance insulin sensitivity into the next day in obese adults.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2013
AuthorsNewsom, SA, Everett, AC, Hinko, A, Horowitz, JF
JournalDiabetes Care
Volume36
Issue9
Pagination2516-22
Date Published06/2013
ISSN1935-5548
KeywordsAdult, Blood Glucose, Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Female, Glucose Clamp Technique, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Young Adult
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a relatively modest session of exercise on insulin sensitivity and fatty acid uptake the next day in obese adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Eleven sedentary obese adults (male/female: 3/8; BMI 37 ± 1 kg/m(2); peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak] 20 ± 1 mL/kg/min) completed three experimental trials. On two of these occasions, subjects exercised to expend 350 kcal in the afternoon. These two exercise trials were identical except for the exercise intensity (50% VO2peak [EX50] and 65% VO2peak [EX65]) and the duration of exercise necessary to expend 350 kcal (EX50 = ≈ 70 min; EX65 = ≈ 55 min). Subjects also completed a control trial (CON), without exercise. The next morning, we measured insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) and whole-body fatty acid uptake (palmitate rate of disappearance from plasma [Rd]).

RESULTS: Exercise increased insulin sensitivity the next day, but whereas the 35% improvement after EX50 compared with CON was statistically significant (P = 0.01), the 20% improvement after EX65 was not (P = 0.17). Despite nearly identical values between CON and EX65 (P = 0.88), systemic fatty acid uptake was lower after EX50 compared with EX65 (P = 0.02), but not quite significant compared with CON (P = 0.07). Importantly, the change in fatty acid uptake after exercise compared with CON was negatively correlated with the change in insulin sensitivity for all trials (r = -0.60, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS: A relatively modest single session of exercise in obese adults improved insulin sensitivity the next day, and a reduction in systemic fatty acid uptake in the several hours after exercise may be important for this effect.

DOI10.2337/dc12-2606
Alternate JournalDiabetes Care
PubMed ID23757424
PubMed Central IDPMC3747878
Grant ListUL1 TR000433 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK092926 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
R01 DK077966 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
R01-DK-077966 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
DK-020572 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
DK-089503 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK089503 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
P60 DK020572 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK020572 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States