TitlePolyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication1996
AuthorsClarke, SD, Jump, DB
JournalLipids
Volume31 Suppl
PaginationS7-11
Date Published1996 Mar
ISSN0024-4201
KeywordsAnimals, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Fatty Acid Synthases, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Glycolysis, Humans, Liver, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic
Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-6 and n-3 families inhibit transcription of a number of hepatic lipogenic and glycolytic genes, e.g. fatty acid synthase. In contrast, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids exert no suppressive action on lipogenic gene expression. The unique PUFA regulation of gene expression extends beyond the liver to include genes such as adipocyte glucose transporter-4, lymphocyte stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2, and interleukins. Some of the transcriptional effects of PUFA appear to be mediated by eicosanoids, but PUFA suppression of lipogenic and glycolytic genes is independent of eicosanoid synthesis and appears to involve a nuclear mechanism directly modified by PUFA. With the recent cloning of a fatty acid-activated nuclear factor termed peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) has come the suggestion that PPAR may be the PUFA response factor. This review, however, presents several lines of evidence that indicate that the PPAR and n-6 and n-3 PUFA regulation of lipogenic and glycolytic gene transcription involve separate and independent mechanisms. Thus PPAR appears not to be the PUFA response factor.

DOI10.1007/BF02637044
Alternate JournalLipids
PubMed ID8729087
Grant ListR01 DK043220 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States