Title | Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2015 |
Authors | Motorykin, ii, O, Santiago-Delgado, L, Rohlman, D, Schrlau, JE, Harper, B, Harris, S, Harding, A, Kile, ML, Simonich, SLMassey |
Journal | Sci Total Environ |
Volume | 514 |
Pagination | 170-7 |
Date Published | 05/2015 |
ISSN | 1879-1026 |
Keywords | Adult, Animals, Biomarkers, Environmental Exposure, Female, Food Contamination, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Parents, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Salmon, Volunteers, Water Pollutants, Chemical |
Abstract | Few studies have been published on the excretion rates of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) following oral exposure. This study investigated the metabolism and excretion rates of 4 parent PAHs and 10 OH-PAHs after the consumption of smoked salmon. Nine members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation consumed 50 g of traditionally smoked salmon with breakfast and five urine samples were collected during the following 24 h. The concentrations of OH-PAHs increased from 43.9 μg/g creatinine for 2-OH-Nap to 349 ng/g creatinine for 1-OH-Pyr, 3 to 6 h post-consumption. Despite volunteers following a restricted diet, there appeared to be a secondary source of naphthalene and fluorene, which led to excretion efficiencies greater than 100%. For the parent PAHs that were detected in urine, the excretion efficiencies ranged from 13% for phenanthrene (and its metabolite) to 240% for naphthalene (and its metabolites). The half-lives for PAHs ranged from 1.4 h for retene to 3.3h for pyrene. The half-lives for OH-PAHs were higher and ranged from 1.7 h for 9-OH-fluorene to 7.0 h for 3-OH-fluorene. The concentrations of most parent PAHs, and their metabolites, returned to the background levels 24 h post-consumption. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.083 |
Alternate Journal | Sci. Total Environ. |
PubMed ID | 25659315 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC4361301 |
Grant List | P30 ES000210 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States P42 ES016465 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States T32 ES007060 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States P30ES00210 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States |