Title | Age effect on myocellular remodeling: response to exercise and nutrition in humans. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2012 |
Authors | Irving, BA, Robinson, MM, K Nair, S |
Journal | Ageing Res Rev |
Volume | 11 |
Issue | 3 |
Pagination | 374-89 |
Date Published | 08/2012 |
ISSN | 1872-9649 |
Keywords | Aging, Animals, Exercise, Humans, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Muscle, Skeletal, Nutritional Status, Postprandial Period, Protein Biosynthesis |
Abstract | Aging is associated with decline in muscle mass and muscle functions. Muscle strength declines disproportionate to the decline in muscle mass indicating that muscle quality or protein quality also declines with age. Human studies have shown a progressive decline in muscle protein synthesis including proteins in the contractile apparatus and mitochondria with age. However, the decline in muscle protein synthesis is disproportionate to the decline in muscle mass that occurs with age prompting to hypothesize that muscle protein degradation also declines with age. A decline in mitochondrial capacity to synthesize ATP is likely a limiting factor of both synthesis and degradation, which are ATP dependent processes. In support of the above hypothesis, several studies have shown a decline in whole body protein turnover (synthesis and degradation). The timely and efficient degradation of irreversibly damaged or modified proteins is critical to maintain the quality of protein. It is proposed that a failure to degrade the damaged proteins and replacing them with newly synthesized proteins contribute to age related decline in muscle mass and quality of muscle proteins. The underlying molecular mechanism of these age related changes in human muscle needs further investigation. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.arr.2011.11.001 |
Alternate Journal | Ageing Res. Rev. |
PubMed ID | 22085885 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC3309175 |
Grant List | R01 DK041973 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01-DK41973 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States UL1-RR-024150-01 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States P30 DK050456 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 DK041973-10 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States T32 DK007352-32 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R01 AG009531-08 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States KL2 RR024151 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States AG09531 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States T32 DK007352 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States 5T32DK007352-32 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States UL1 RR024150 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States R01 AG009531 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States KL2 RR024151-06 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States UL1 RR024150-01 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States |